Dental Surgeon, Private Dental Practice, Morelia, Michoacán, Mexico
Corresponding author details:
Cristóbal Landa Román H
Dental Surgeon
Private Dental Practice
Michoacán,Mexico
Copyright:
© 2019 Cristóbal Landa-Román,
et al. This is an open-access article distributed
under the terms of the Creative Commons
Attribution 4.0 international License, which
permits unrestricted use, distribution, and
reproduction in any medium, provided the
original author and source are credited.
Aims of Study: Analyze the statistical changes of dental extractions from 2013-2014 and 2018-2019 at the Children´s Hospital of Morelia.
Materials and Methods: Type of study: 1256 patients with different etiologies who had a dental extraction, data were collected on age, sex, etiology of the extraction and dental organ more frequently to the extraction. The method was quantitative, descriptive, transversal, analytical, and retrospective, without risk.
Results: The consultation in the pediatric Dentistry service in the period from January 2018 to April 2019 was 10980 patients, of which 1256, equivalent to 11% were treated with dental extraction. Being the frequency of 650 men 51.8% and 606 women 48.2% at the age of 7 years with 258 cases representing 20.5% of the reported cases, with the upper right central incisor being the one most extracted with 134 cases representing 10.7% of the extractions made. The main cause of the extractions was the dental persistence with 534 cases reported.
Conclusion: Dental persistence was the main reason why dental extraction was used,
which demonstrates the implementation of health programs in Mexico has produced a
significant change in the percentage of extractions related to tooth decay.
Tooth Extraction; Dental Caries; Root Caries; Dental Hygienists
It is important to understand in a global context the problems that entail the loss
of dental organs, for this we must first clarify the indications and contraindications of
the multifactorial etiology that leads to the surgical act called dental extraction; such as
advanced dental caries that for economic reasons it is not always feasible to rehabilitate;
bottle caries that is a common problem in Mexico because of the bad habits of parents;
pathological fractures called root debris that represent a risk to the patient’s systemic
health; facial trauma that can generate horizontal and longitudinal fractures of the clinical
crown, dental avulsions, dental intrusions and pulp necrosis that cannot be rehabilitated.
The purpose of this article is to make a comparison between the factors that involve a tooth
extraction, age, sex and the tooth that presents the highest number of dental extractions
between the research entitled “Retrospective statistics and analytical dental extractions”
[1] and the period 2018-2019. It is important to understand that teeth not only help us to
the process of chewing, phonetics and aesthetics. But they are also part of the growth and
development of the face in conjunction with the growth of the paranasal sinuses.
The WHO has defined dental caries as: “a localized process of multifactorial origin that begins after dental eruption, determining the softening of the hard tissue of the tooth and evolves until the formation of a cavity” [5]. Here the destruction of the enamel and dentin has been extensive and the pulp has been totally destroyed, therefore there is no pain, no spontaneous pain, but the complications of this caries, if they are painful, usually present with eyelids that have the need for be treated with antibiotic and drained. The symptomatology of monoarthritis is identifiable by three data that are: Pain to percussion of the tooth, Sensation of lengthening, Abnormal mobility of the piece, usually there are only remains of the crown of the tooth [6-8].
Type of Study: quantitative, descriptive, transversal, analytical,
retrospective, without risk.
Sample size: All patients treated by extraction in the period
January 2013 - April 2014 and January 2018- April 2019 in the
Children’s Hospital of Morelia.
Definition of the Study Universe: All cases of extraction
occurred in January 2013 - April 2014 and January 2018 - April 2019
in the Children’s Hospital of Morelia.
Definition of the Observation Units: work logbook January
2013 April 2014 and January 2018- April 2019 in the Children’s
Hospital of Morelia.
Inclusion Criteria: patients 1 to 15 years of age who underwent a
dental extraction at the Children’s Hospital of Morelia.
Exclusion Criteria: patients under 1 year and over 15 years,
permanent teeth, conservative dental treatments at the Children’s
Hospital of Morelia.
The number of patients, who attended a consultation in the
Pediatric Dentistry service in the period from January 2018-April
2019, was 10980 (88.5%) patients of which 1256 equivalent to 11.5%
were treated with dental extraction, while the remaining 88.5% was
oriented to other dental treatments. Being the frequency of 650
(51.8%) men and 606 (48.2%) women, representing a minimum
discrepancy between the genders. As can be seen in Graph 1. When
specifically analyzing the age most represented in dental extractions,
258 (20.5%) extractions are counted for patients 7 years of age. As
shown in Graph 2, followed by 155 (12.3%) patients 6 years of age.
being appreciated in Table 1. The upper right central incisor was
the most extracted with 134 cases, which represents 10.7% of the
trepanations performed. As shown in Graph 3. Followed by the first
upper right molar with 113 (9%) of the cases as shown in Table 2.
The main cause of the extractions was dental persistence with 534
(42.5%) reported cases. As can be seen in Graph 4followed by dental
caries with 321 (25.6%) of the cases as shown in Table 3.
Graph 1: Relationship between male and female gender, with a
frequency of 48.20% for women and 51.80% for men
Graph 2: Prevalence in the age that attended a consultation is 7
years
Graph 3: Graph showing causes of tooth extractions
Description: It is appreciated that the most common cause was
dental persistence and the minor cause was due to orthopedic
treatment
Table 1: Percentage of patients who attended a consultation in
relation to their age
Table 2: Percentage of dental organs removed
Description: The above table demonstrates that the upper right
central incisor was the one with the highest frequency with 10.7%
and the lowest frequency was the lower left lateral incisor with 1.2%
Table 3: Percentage of causes for which the teeth were extracted
Description: I feel the dental persistence with 42.5% and the lowest
orthopedic treatments with 2.1%
The results reported in the 2013-2014 period were the following:
the male gender with 51.17% and the female 48.83%. The average age
in the 2013-2014 consultation was 8 years with 181 (15.67%) cases,
followed by 7-year-old patients with 145 (12.55%). The dental organ
with the highest number of extractions was the right upper central
incisor with 211 (13.30%), followed by the left upper central incisor
with 172 (10.84%) reported cases. The most frequent cause of tooth
extraction was root remains with 692 (19.48%) and tooth decay with
309 (19.48%) [1].
The percentage of climbed dental organs was higher relation
what dental persistence, which demonstrates the implementation
of health programs in Mexico has produced a significant change in
the percentage of extractions related to destructive pathological
processes.
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